Synaloepha

Synaloepha (sin-a-lif’-a): Omitting one of two vowels which occur together at the end of one word and the beginning of another. A contraction of neighboring syllables. A kind of metaplasm.

Science says stay on track: Facts say it all. Being a doubter is admirable sometimes, but when it may cost the future to/our planet due to global warming, stick to the facts. Believe the facts! That’s what facts are for!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Synathroesmus

Synathroesmus (sin-ath-res’-mus): 1. The conglomeration of many words and expressions either with similar meaning (= synonymia) or not (= congeries).  2. A gathering together of things scattered throughout a speech (= accumulatio [:Bringing together various points made throughout a speech and presenting them again in a forceful, climactic way. A blend of summary and climax.])

Where is my health, my heart, my winsome smile? I do not know. I do not see. I do not agree. As you can see, I am not easy to get along with, just like my health and my heart don’t get along with me. My winsome smile is a thing of the past. It’s over. It’s no more. It’s gone.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Synecdoche (si-nek’-do-kee): A whole is represented by naming one of its parts (or genus named for species), or vice versa (or species named for genus).

He held his glass up high as he got ready to toast the woman in flats: the woman of his dreams, the woman he just married, the woman he was looking forward to spending the rest of his life with.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Synonymia

Synonymia (si-no-ni’-mi-a): In general, the use of several synonyms together to amplify or explain a given subject or term. A kind of repetition that adds emotional force or intellectual clarity. Synonymia often occurs in parallel fashion. The Latin synonym, interpretatio, suggests the expository and rational nature of this figure, while another Greek synonym, congeries, suggests the emotive possibilities of this figure.

He was a big, huge, hulking man. He had a heart of gold, silver, and platinum all rolled into one precious object beating to the meter of a beautiful love poem.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Synthesis

Synthesis (sin’-the-sis): An apt arrangement of a composition, especially regarding the sounds of adjoining syllables and words.

There is enough beach to teach us a thing or two. This time of the year it’s empty. In a month or two you will be back here, hair blowing in the wind, swimsuit on, sun shining: a perfect day to get away from all your fears. You will ride the surf toward shore, step off your board and do it again.

Summer is the angel of time: absorb the beauty. Live well!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Syntheton

Syntheton (sin’-the-ton): When by convention two words are joined by a conjunction for emphasis.

Brownies and ice cream!

Bacon and eggs!

This food and that food, if they belong together, they belong together!

Brownies and ice cream–yum!

Bacon and eggs–yum!

Yum. Yum. Yum. Yum.

They belong together!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Synzeugma

Synzeugma (sin-zoog’-ma): That kind of zeugma in which a verb joins (and governs) two phrases by coming between them. A synonym for mesozeugma.

All kind of fuzzy, the day dragged on, with boredom bouts to keep it uninteresting. Not your typical day at the office when everything pops and cracks like a fireworks display. I guess it was Monday that was driving us to sleep at our desks! Come on Tuesday–you are welcome to show up today if you can liven things up just a little bit. Let’s have a Tuesday kind of Monday!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Systrophe

Systrophe (si’-stro-fee): The listing of many qualities or descriptions of someone or something, without providing an explicit definition.

He wore big black leather boots. His blond hair was slicked straight back, held in place by some kind of industrial strength gel. He stood on the corner of two busy streets as if the corner was his front porch. His mustache drooped below his mouth. His coat had a shiny badge shaped like an octagon pinned to the front–a little crookedly. He looked straight into my eyes and turned around and walked away, slapping his golden truncheon in the palm of his hand. I was glad it was his hand and not my head.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Tapinosis

Tapinosis  (ta-pi-no’-sis): Giving a name to something which diminishes it in importance.

So, where did you get your new Muddy Benz? Was it at an auction?

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Tmesis

Tmesis (tmee’-sis): Interjecting a word or phrase between parts of a compound word or between syllables of a word.

The far right outer space Re-nutty-publicans have a long way to go before their health care bill becomes the law of the land.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Topographia

Topographia (top-o-graf’-i-a): Description of a place. A kind of enargia [: {en-ar’-gi-a} generic name for a group of figures aiming at vivid, lively description].

It had one smeared window overlooking a crowded parking lot. It smelled like stale cigarette smoke. The carpet was shaggy brown–I’m sure it absorbed and hid the dirt. The bed was small–a single about as wide as a tight kitchen countertop. The green bedspread looked like a wilted spinach salad–all rumpled up like the last occupant had just jumped out of it as I came through the door. The walls were light yellow–smoke stained. There was a small plastic plant on the dresser and the TV was small–not much larger than a cereal box.

This was the “free room” that I earned by winning the contest where I had to write a vivid description of my ideal motel room.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu). Bracketed text added by Gorgias.

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Traductio

Traductio (tra-duk’-ti-o): Repeating the same word variously throughout a sentence or thought. Some authorities restrict traductio further to mean repeating the same word but with a different meaning (see ploceantanaclasis, and diaphora), or in a different form (polyptoton). If the repeated word occurs in parallel fashion at the beginnings of phrases or clauses, it becomes anaphora; at the endings of phrases or clauses, epistrophe.

I have a new lawnmower. It is huge–more like a tractor than a lawnmower! But when the grass grows it mows–so it’s a lawnmower!

I’m glad I have such a big and trusty lawnmower! No matter how big it is, it’ll always be a trusty lawnmower to me.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Tricolon

Tricolon (tri-co-lon): Three parallel elements of the same length occurring together in a series.

I sat. I read. I slept. When I woke up later in the day I had a stiff neck and drool on the front of my shirt. That’ll teach me to sleep in chairs in libraries in the middle of the day! But those library chairs are so comfortable! I don’t think I can refrain from sitting in them–I just have to stay awake and read. Next time I’ll have some coffee before I go to the library. I hope that will work.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Abating

Abating: English term for anesis: adding a concluding sentence that diminishes the effect of what has been said previously. The opposite of epitasis (the addition of a concluding sentence that merely emphasizes what has already been stated. A kind of amplification).

Your paper is very clear. It’s a shame that the position you’ve taken is very wrong. You need to learn how to make an argument. I can help you with that!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Abbaser

Abbaser [George] Puttenham’s English term for tapinosis. Also equivalent to meiosis: reference to something with a name disproportionately lesser than its nature (a kind of litotes: deliberate understatement, especially when expressing a thought by denying its opposite).

Your Mercedes 500 CS is the cost equivalent of a Volkswagen for you–you’re not exactly poor–it probably didn’t even put a dent in your little piggy bank.

Definitions courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu). Bracketed text added by Gorgias.

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Abecedarian

Abecedarian (a-be-ce-da’-ri-an): An acrostic whose letters do not spell a word but follow the order (more or less) of the alphabet.

A big car! A big cigar! Life is good.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Accismus

Accismus (ak-iz’-mus): A feigned refusal of that which is earnestly desired.

Oh my God! I can’t take this ring from you–it must be worth $5,000! What I did for you is nothing compared to what you did for me! I am so humbled & grateful! Push a little harder & maybe I’ll take it.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Acervatio

Acervatio (ak-er-va’-ti-o): Latin term Quintilian employs for both asyndeton (acervatio dissoluta: a loose heap) and polysyndeton (acervatio iuncta: a conjoined heap).

Asyndeton: the omission of conjunctions between clauses, often resulting in a hurried rhythm or vehement effect.

Walk, run, trot, jog, fly! Time is running out on the avocado sale at the grocery store! Go! Go!

Polysydeton: employing many conjunctions between clauses, often slowing the tempo or rhythm.

I went to the drugstore, and I got my prescription filled, and I saw a friend from high school, and we decided to have a couple of diet cokes, and we talked, and after that I went home and took my medication.

I am boring, and my life is boring, and I’m glad.

Definitions courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Acoloutha

Acoloutha: The substitution of reciprocal words; that is, replacing one word with another whose meaning is close enough to the former that the former could, in its turn, be a substitute for the latter. This term is best understood in relationship to its opposite, anacoloutha.

Today, we are affirming every last bit of what he has done and said. We are still in an accepting mood despite all the disappointments we’ve had these first 100 days. He says it, we approve it. We are the loyal base.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Acrostic

Acrostic: When the first letters of successive lines are arranged either in alphabetical order (= abecedarian) or in such a way as to spell a word.

HAPPY

Have a lot of patience.

Always respect the people you care about.

Provide an open ear.

Practice what you preach.

Yell at the wind, not at your friends.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Adage

Adage (ad’-age): One of several terms describing short, pithy sayings, or traditional expressions of conventional wisdom.

“When the going gets tough, it’s time to go home.” Joe Mellow (From One Cop-Out to the Next: The Virtues of  Broken Promises)

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Adianoeta

Adianoeta: An expression that, in addition to an obvious meaning, carries a second, subtle meaning (often at variance with the ostensible meaning).

Isn’t it great that Pres. Trump is intent on shrinking the bordering land around a bunch of national monuments? The monuments  are expressions of natural order–canyons. mountains, cliffs, etc. Pres. Trump proposes to leave the “monuments” alone, while grabbing the land that surrounds them and reclassifying it.

I think the smaller he makes their surroundings the better they will fit the interests their shrinkage supports: pipelines, coal mines, and generally, massive exploitation and harm to the environment surrounding the ensemble of national treasures.

Not a good idea.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu).

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Adnominatio

Adnominatio (ad-no-mi-na’-ti-o): 1. A synonym for paronomasia [punning].  2. A synonym for polyptoton.  3. Assigning to a proper name its literal or homophonic meaning.

1. I took my little sailboat out to see how it would handle the open sea.

2. The timer timing the race’s time lost his timer!

3. He used the poker to get away from his wife.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu). Bracketed text added by Gorgias.

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Adynaton

Adynaton (a-dyn’-a-ton): A declaration of impossibility, usually in terms of an exaggerated comparison. Sometimes, the expression of the impossibility of expression.

When I was younger, I thought I had a shot at becoming a millionaire. Now I realize that my hope to be a millionaire had as much of a chance of being realized as a brick has of reciting the alphabet.

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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Aetiologia

Aetiologia (ae-ti-o-log’-i-a): A figure of reasoning by which one attributes a cause for a statement or claim made, often as a simple relative clause of explanation.

I want to go to the movies today because it’s raining, there’s nothing else to do, and I have a coupon for two tickets! Besides, your mother’s driving me crazy. Let’s get out of here while she’s taking a shower. Come on, let’s go!

Definition courtesy of “Silva Rhetoricae” (rhetoric.byu.edu)

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